One-pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via chemical precipitation for bromophenol blue adsorption and the antifungal activity against filamentous fungi

Abstract In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were prepared via a facile one-pot chemical precipitation approach and applied in the adsorption of bromophenol blue (BRB) as antifungal agents against filamentous fungi plant pathogens; Alternaria alternata CGJM3078, CGJM3006 Fusarium verticilliodes CGJM3823. The ZnONPs characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET, SEM, TEM, EDX techniques, which showed efficient synthesis. characteristics ZnO UV–Vis absorption band was observed at 375 nm, while XRD an average crystalline size 47.2 nm. SEM TEM images irregular shaped aggregated porous structure 65.3 nm average-sized ZnONPs. TGA 22.9% weight loss 800 °C indicating high thermal stability ZnONPs, BET analysis revealed surface area, pore volume diameter 9.259 m 2 /g, 0.03745 cm 3 /g 9.87 respectively. Freundlich, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion models R > 0.9494 SSE < 0.7412, thus, exhibited best fit to isotherm kinetics models. Thermodynamics feasible, endothermic, random, spontaneous BRB onto synthesized assay conducted depicts strong activities all three tested fungi. Noticeably, (0.002–5 mg/mL) maximum with largest zone inhibition A . CGJM 3006 from 25.09 36.28 mm. This followed strain F 3823 (range 23.77 34.77 mm) A. CGJM3078 22.73 30.63 comparison Bleach 5% (positive control). Additionally model proposed based on possible underlying mechanisms for effect. research demonstrated potent use effective agents.